Gene Therapy for Malignant and Benign Gynaecological Disorders: A Systematic Review of an Emerging Success Story

Despite the major advances in screening and therapeutic approaches, gynaecological malignancies still present as a leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. Cervical cancer, although largely preventable through vaccination and regular screening, remains the fourth most common and most...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2022-06, Vol.14 (13), p.3238
Main Authors: Drakopoulou, Ekati, Anagnou, Nicholas P., Pappa, Kalliopi I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Adenoviruses
Benign
Cancer therapies
Cell culture
Cervical cancer
Cervix
Clinical trials
Efficiency
Endometriosis
Endometrium
Fertility
Fibroids
Gene expression
Gene therapy
Genetic engineering
Genomes
Gynecology
Kinases
Lipids
Membranes
Morbidity
Mutation
Nanoparticles
Oncolysis
Ovarian cancer
Placenta
Review
Reviews
Suicide
Suicide genes
Tumors
Uterine cancer
Uterus
Vaccination
Vectors (Biology)
Viruses
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Summary:Despite the major advances in screening and therapeutic approaches, gynaecological malignancies still present as a leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. Cervical cancer, although largely preventable through vaccination and regular screening, remains the fourth most common and most lethal cancer type in women, while the available treatment schemes still pose a fertility threat. Ovarian cancer is associated with high morbidity rates, primarily due to lack of symptoms and high relapse rates following treatment, whereas endometrial cancer, although usually curable by surgery, it still represents a therapeutic problem. On the other hand, benign abnormalities, such as fibroids, endometriosis, placental, and embryo implantation disorders, although not life-threatening, significantly affect women’s life and fertility and have high socio-economic impacts. In the last decade, targeted gene therapy approaches toward both malignant and benign gynaecological abnormalities have led to promising results, setting the ground for successful clinical trials. The above therapeutic strategies employ both viral and non-viral systems for mutation compensation, suicide gene therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, antiangiogenesis and immunopotentiation. This review discusses all the major advances in gene therapy of gynaecological disorders and highlights the novel and potentially therapeutic perspectives associated with such an approach.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers14133238