Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Chain-Related α (MICA) STR Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Patients

The SARS-CoV-2 disease presents different phenotypes of severity. Comorbidities, age, and being overweight are well established risk factors for severe disease. However, innate immunity plays a key role in the early control of viral infections and may condition the gravity of COVID-19. Natural Kille...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-07, Vol.23 (13), p.6979
Main Authors: Gutiérrez-Bautista, Juan Francisco, Martinez-Chamorro, Alba, Rodriguez-Nicolas, Antonio, Rosales-Castillo, Antonio, Jiménez, Pilar, Anderson, Per, López-Ruz, Miguel Ángel, López-Nevot, Miguel Ángel, Ruiz-Cabello, Francisco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive immunity
Alleles
Asymptomatic
Body weight
Cell activation
Chains
Comorbidity
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytotoxicity
Haplotypes
Infections
Innate immunity
Localization
Lymphocytes
Major histocompatibility complex
Natural killer cells
NKG2 antigen
Phenotypes
Population
Proteins
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Viral infections
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Summary:The SARS-CoV-2 disease presents different phenotypes of severity. Comorbidities, age, and being overweight are well established risk factors for severe disease. However, innate immunity plays a key role in the early control of viral infections and may condition the gravity of COVID-19. Natural Killer (NK) cells are part of innate immunity and are important in the control of virus infection by killing infected cells and participating in the development of adaptive immunity. Therefore, we studied the short tandem repeat (STR) transmembrane polymorphisms of the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related A (MICA), an NKG2D ligand that induces activation of NK cells, among other cells. We compared the alleles and genotypes of MICA in COVID-19 patients versus healthy controls and analyzed their relation to disease severity. Our results indicate that the MICA*A9 allele is related to infection as well as to symptomatic disease but not to severe disease. The MICA*A9 allele may be a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic disease.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23136979