Imaging leukocyte migration through afferent lymphatics

Afferent lymphatics mediate the transport of antigen and leukocytes, especially of dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, from peripheral tissues to draining lymph nodes (dLNs). As such they play important roles in the induction and regulation of adaptive immunity. Over the past 15 years, great advances...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunological reviews 2022-03, Vol.306 (1), p.43-57
Main Authors: Collado‐Diaz, Victor, Medina‐Sanchez, Jessica D., Gkountidi, Anastasia‐Olga, Halin, Cornelia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive immunity
afferent lymphatics
Antigens
Blood vessels
Capillaries
Dendritic cells
Endothelium
ex vivo imaging
Explants
Imaging
Immunomodulation
in vivo imaging
In vivo methods and tests
Invited Review
Invited Reviews
Leukocyte migration
Leukocytes
Low flow
Lymph nodes
lymphatic endothelial cells
Lymphatic system
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
migration
Sensory neurons
T cells
Trafficking
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Summary:Afferent lymphatics mediate the transport of antigen and leukocytes, especially of dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, from peripheral tissues to draining lymph nodes (dLNs). As such they play important roles in the induction and regulation of adaptive immunity. Over the past 15 years, great advances in our understanding of leukocyte trafficking through afferent lymphatics have been made through time‐lapse imaging studies performed in tissue explants and in vivo, allowing to visualize this process with cellular resolution. Intravital imaging has revealed that intralymphatic leukocytes continue to actively migrate once they have entered into lymphatic capillaries, as a consequence of the low flow conditions present in this compartment. In fact, leukocytes spend considerable time migrating, patrolling and interacting with the lymphatic endothelium or with other intralymphatic leukocytes within lymphatic capillaries. Cells typically only start to detach once they arrive in downstream‐located collecting vessels, where vessel contractions contribute to enhanced lymph flow. In this review, we will introduce the biology of afferent lymphatic vessels and report on the presumed significance of DC and T cell migration via this route. We will specifically highlight how time‐lapse imaging has contributed to the current model of lymphatic trafficking and the emerging notion that ‐ besides transport – lymphatic capillaries exert additional roles in immune modulation.
ISSN:0105-2896
1600-065X
DOI:10.1111/imr.13030