Elevated One-Hour Post-Load Glucose Is Independently Associated with Albuminuria: A Cross-Sectional Population Study

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine 2022-07, Vol.11 (14), p.4124
• Main Authors: Saunajoki, Anni, Auvinen, Juha, Bloigu, Aini, Saramies, Jouko, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Uusitalo, Hannu, Hussi, Esko, Cederberg-Tamminen, Henna, Suija, Kadri, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Timonen, Markku
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Blood pressure; Body mass index; Clinical medicine; Creatinine; Diabetes; Disease prevention; Glucose; Hypertension; Plasma; Variables
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144124

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the associations between albuminuria and fasting (FPG), 1 h post-load (1 h PG) and 2 h post-load plasma glucose (2 h PG) in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). A total of 496 people free of known diabetes (mean age 72 years) participated in the examinations including the OGTT with plasma glucose measurements at 0, 1, and 2 h and levels of HbA1c. Albuminuria was determined by the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and was defined as ≥3.0 mg/mmol. Compared with those without albuminuria, participants with albuminuria had significantly higher 1 h PG and 2 h PG levels, but not FPG or HbA1c levels. An elevated 1 h PG increased the estimated odds ratio of albuminuria more than three times in people with prediabetic 1 h PG (8.6–11.5 mmol/L: OR 3.60; 95% CI 1.70–7.64) and diabetic 1 h PG (≥11.6 mmol/L: OR 3.05; 95% CI 1.29–7.23). After adjusting for blood pressure and age, the association of elevated 1 h PG with albuminuria remained significant. Prediabetic or diabetic FPG, 2 h PG, or HbA1c did not have a statistically significant association with albuminuria. These findings suggest that 1 h PG seems to be the best glycemic parameter and is useful in recognizing persons with an elevated risk of early kidney disease due to hyperglycemia.