Development and Validation of Recreational Sport Well-Being Scale

The purpose of this study is to develop the “Recreational Sport Well-being Scale”, which will be used to investigate the subjective recreational sport well-being individuals’ experience after participating in recreational sports. The study participants were Taiwanese who were over 20 years old and p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-07, Vol.19 (14), p.8764
Main Authors: Pi, Lu-Luan, Chang, Chia-Ming, Lin, Hsi-Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain research
Child development
Emotions
Factor analysis
Goodness of fit
Happiness
Invariance
Mental health
Middle age
Public health
Questionnaires
Recreation
Reliability analysis
Self-actualization
Social support
Sports
Well being
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Summary:The purpose of this study is to develop the “Recreational Sport Well-being Scale”, which will be used to investigate the subjective recreational sport well-being individuals’ experience after participating in recreational sports. The study participants were Taiwanese who were over 20 years old and participated in recreational sports. Four sets of samples and 4050 questionnaires in total were collected. Using exploratory factor analysis, four factors were extracted from the scale –life satisfaction, physical and mental health, family flourishing, and positive feelings. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the scale’s overall goodness of fit, convergent validity, and composite reliability all passed the thresholds. The results of cross-validation indicated that the model passed configural invariance, metric invariance, covariance invariance, and error variance invariance, which suggested that the scale has cross validity. Nomological validity analysis was conducted, showing that Recreational Sport Well-being Scale is nomologically valid since it is positively correlated to Subjective Health Scale. Test-retest reliability analysis suggested that the test results were stable when a retest was carried out two weeks later. The developed “Recreational Sport Well-being Scale” is highly reliable and valid and can be applied to measure future recreational sports participants’ well-being.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph19148764