Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Lung Injury: From Preclinical Animal Models to Treatment of Severe COVID-19

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been a major public health challenge worldwide. Owing to the emergence of novel viral variants, the risks of reinfections and vaccine breakthrough infections has increased co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-08, Vol.23 (15), p.8196
Main Authors: Li, Ju-Pi, Wu, Kang-Hsi, Chao, Wan-Ru, Lee, Yi-Ju, Yang, Shun-Fa, Chao, Yu-Hua
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Antiviral activity
Arthritis
Bone marrow
Cell cycle
Cell growth
Clinical trials
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokine storm
Cytokines
Dendritic cells
Disease transmission
Growth factors
Immune system
Immunomodulation
Ligands
Lungs
Lymphocytes
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mortality
Pathogenesis
Public health
Respiratory distress syndrome
Review
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Umbilical cord
Vaccination
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Summary:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been a major public health challenge worldwide. Owing to the emergence of novel viral variants, the risks of reinfections and vaccine breakthrough infections has increased considerably despite a mass of vaccination. The formation of cytokine storm, which subsequently leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome, is the major cause of mortality in patients with COVID-19. Based on results of preclinical animal models and clinical trials of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the immunomodulatory, tissue repair, and antiviral properties of MSCs highlight their potential to treat COVID-19. This review article summarizes the potential mechanisms and outcomes of MSC therapy in COVID-19, along with the pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The properties of MSCs and lessons from preclinical animal models of acute lung injury are mentioned ahead. Important issues related to the use of MSCs in COVID-19 are discussed finally.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23158196