COVID-19 perceptions, impacts, and experiences: a cross-sectional analysis among New Jersey cancer survivors

• Published in: Journal of cancer survivorship 2024-04, Vol.18 (2), p.439-449
• Main Authors: Llanos, Adana A. M., Fong, Angela J., Ghosh, Nabarun, Devine, Katie A., O’Malley, Denalee, Paddock, Lisa E., Bandera, Elisa V., Hudson, Shawna V., Evens, Andrew M., Manne, Sharon L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander; Black or African American; Cancer; Cancer Survivors; Comorbidity; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethnicity; Female; Health Informatics; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Lung cancer; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Melanoma; Metabolism; Minority & ethnic groups; Neoplasms - epidemiology; New Jersey - epidemiology; Oncology; Pacific Islander people; Pandemics; Perceptions; Primary Care Medicine; Public Health; Quality of Life Research; Questionnaires; Regression analysis; Survival; Thyroid; Thyroid cancer; Vaccination
• ISSN: 1932-2259; 1932-2267; 1932-2267
• DOI: 10.1007/s11764-022-01236-6

Background Cancer survivors are particularly vulnerable to adverse COVID-19-related outcomes, but limited data exist on perceptions about the pandemic and related experiences in this group. Methods In a cross-sectional analysis of 494 survivors of genitourinary, breast, gynecologic, colorectal, lung, melanoma, or thyroid cancer, from a larger study of cancer survivors in New Jersey, we assessed perceptions about COVID-19 threat, impacts, and experiences using three validated instruments. Responses were coded on a 7-point Likert scale, and subscales were averaged across included items, with higher scores indicating greater perceptions of COVID-19 threat and greater impacts and experiences because of the pandemic. Multivariable linear regression models were used to determine factors associated with higher scores, with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Results In general, cancer survivors reported moderate perceived COVID-19 threat (3 items, mean score = 3.71 ± 1.97), minimal COVID-19-related impacts (6 items, mean score = 2.23 ± 1.34), and COVID-19-related experiences (7 items, mean score = 2.17 ± 1.00). COVID-19 impact subscale scores varied little (mean subscale score range = 2.09 to 2.29), while COVID-19 experiences subscale scores were quite variable (mean subscale score range = 1.52 to 3.39). Asian American/Pacific Islander race, Black race, female sex, and having more cardiovascular and metabolic and other comorbidities were associated with higher scores on the perceived coronavirus threat questionnaire. Having completed the COVID-19 questionnaires earlier in the pandemic, younger age, American/Pacific Islander race, Hispanic ethnicity, and having more comorbidities were associated with higher scores on the COVID-19 impact questionnaire. Younger age, racial minority status, and having more cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities were associated with higher scores on the COVID-19 experience questionnaire. Conclusion Among cancer survivors in New Jersey—a state that experienced high rates of COVID-19 infection—sociodemographic and health-related factors (e.g., race and ethnicity, sex, and multimorbidity) correlate with greater perceptions of COVID-19 threat, impacts, and experiences. Implications for Cancer Survivors Studies are needed to examine the influence of vaccination status on COVID-19 perceptions and identify inequities in clinical outcomes due to pandemic-related disruptions to cancer care.