Measurement Error Affecting Web- and Paper-Based Dietary Assessment Instruments: Insights From the Multi-Cohort Eating and Activity Study for Understanding Reporting Error

Abstract Few biomarker-based validation studies have examined error in online self-report dietary assessment instruments, and food records (FRs) have been considered less than food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and 24-hour recalls (24HRs). We investigated measurement error in online and paper-base...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of epidemiology 2022-05, Vol.191 (6), p.1125-1139
Main Authors: Kirkpatrick, Sharon I, Troiano, Richard P, Barrett, Brian, Cunningham, Christopher, Subar, Amy F, Park, Yikyung, Bowles, Heather R, Freedman, Laurence S, Kipnis, Victor, Rimm, Eric B, Willett, Walter C, Potischman, Nancy, Spielgelman, Donna, Baer, David J, Schoeller, Dale A, Dodd, Kevin W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attenuation
Biomarkers
Correlation coefficient
Correlation coefficients
Data collection
Diet
Energy
Epidemiology
Error analysis
Food
Nutrients
Potassium
Practice of Epidemiology
Recovery (Medical)
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Summary:Abstract Few biomarker-based validation studies have examined error in online self-report dietary assessment instruments, and food records (FRs) have been considered less than food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and 24-hour recalls (24HRs). We investigated measurement error in online and paper-based FFQs, online 24HRs, and paper-based FRs in 3 samples drawn primarily from 3 cohorts, comprising 1,393 women and 1,455 men aged 45–86 years. Data collection occurred from January 2011 to October 2013. Attenuation factors and correlation coefficients between reported and true usual intake for energy, protein, sodium, potassium, and respective densities were estimated using recovery biomarkers. Across studies, average attenuation factors for energy were 0.07, 0.07, and 0.19 for a single FFQ, 24HR, and FR, respectively. Correlation coefficients for energy were 0.24, 0.23, and 0.40, respectively. Excluding energy, the average attenuation factors across nutrients and studies were 0.22 for a single FFQ, 0.22 for a single 24HR, and 0.51 for a single FR. Corresponding correlation coefficients were 0.31, 0.34, and 0.53, respectively. For densities (nutrient expressed relative to energy), the average attenuation factors across studies were 0.37, 0.17, and 0.50, respectively. The findings support prior research suggesting different instruments have unique strengths that should be leveraged in epidemiologic research.
ISSN:0002-9262
1476-6256
DOI:10.1093/aje/kwac026