A Multispecialty Approach to the Identification and Diagnosis of Nonaccidental Trauma in Children

Child abuse is a preventable phenomenon of considerable concern resulting in significant child mortality and morbidity. We analyze various abuse lesions such as radiological (visceral and skeletal lesions and those associated with head trauma) and cutaneous (burns, bruises, bites, etc.) to enhance s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2022-07, Vol.14 (7), p.e27276
Main Authors: Manan, Muhammad Romail, Rahman, Sara, Komer, Leah, Manan, Hamna, Iftikhar, Saadia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Alcohol
Birth weight
Caregivers
Child abuse & neglect
Children & youth
Children with disabilities
Cohort analysis
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Family/General Practice
Forensic Medicine
Gender
Head injuries
Immigration policy
Medical diagnosis
Mortality
Pediatrics
Risk factors
Trauma
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Summary:Child abuse is a preventable phenomenon of considerable concern resulting in significant child mortality and morbidity. We analyze various abuse lesions such as radiological (visceral and skeletal lesions and those associated with head trauma) and cutaneous (burns, bruises, bites, etc.) to enhance streamlined identification of injuries in cases of physical child abuse. For effective results, it is essential to remain mindful of all background factors, such as the caregiver setting and the prevalence of child maltreatment in the concerned community while acknowledging the possibility of natural causes (genetic diseases such as osteogenesis imperfecta and hemophilia, or acquired abnormalities) that can mimic NAT and cause confusion in diagnosis and treatment. The margin of error in cases of abuse is negligible, therefore, making its diagnosis a momentous as well as challenging clinical task. An ineffective diagnosis can have detrimental emotional consequences for the family and may even expose the child to future potentially fatal episodes of abuse. Hence, there is a need to direct special focus on the importance of accurate history taking and immediate, responsible reporting to authorities, as well as to child protective services. Therefore, considering the multifactorial approach this subject requires, this review aims to delve into prevalence statistics, various risk factors, and their effect on psychological health to offer a near-complete regulation to ensure an effective understanding of NAT on part of doctors, social workers, and other relevant authorities.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.27276