Construct Validity of a New Health Assessment Questionnaire for the National Screening Program of Older Adults in Japan: The SONIC Study

The Japanese government has implemented a new screening program to promote measures to avoid worsening lifestyle-related diseases and frailty among the older population. In this effort, the government formulated a new health assessment questionnaire for the screening program of old-old adults aged ≥...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-08, Vol.19 (16), p.10330
Main Authors: Ishizaki, Tatsuro, Masui, Yukie, Nakagawa, Takeshi, Yoshida, Yuko, Ishioka, Yoshiko L., Hori, Noriko, Inagaki, Hiroki, Ito, Kae, Ogawa, Madoka, Kabayama, Mai, Kamide, Kei, Ikebe, Kazunori, Arai, Yasumichi, Gondo, Yasuyuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of daily living
Adults
Aging
Cardiovascular disease
Chronic illnesses
Cognitive ability
Factor analysis
Frailty
Geriatrics
Goodness of fit
Maximum likelihood method
Nutritional status
Older people
Questionnaires
Validation studies
Validity
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Summary:The Japanese government has implemented a new screening program to promote measures to avoid worsening lifestyle-related diseases and frailty among the older population. In this effort, the government formulated a new health assessment questionnaire for the screening program of old-old adults aged ≥75 years. The questionnaire comprises 15 items, of which 12 address frailty, two address general health status, and one addresses smoking habits. This study examined the construct validity of this questionnaire, using the explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The data used in this study were drawn from a mail-in survey conducted in 2020 as part of the Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians study. A total of 1576 respondents (range, 78–99 years of age) were included in the study. Although the EFA did not show an interpretable factor structure of the questionnaire with 15 items, the CFA using only 12 frailty-related items showed the goodness of fit for a higher-order factor “frailty”, and the five frailty-related sub-factors model was acceptable. These results suggest that the total score of the 12 frailty-related items in the questionnaire can be used as an indicator of the degree of “frailty”.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph191610330