MicroRNAs as Potential Diagnostic New Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Sepsis in Pediatric Patients

• Published in: Reports of biochemistry and molecular biology 2022-07, Vol.11 (2), p.327-335
• Main Authors: Nour, Zeinab, El-Hamamsy, Kariman, Ehsan, Iman, Fawaz, Lobna, Shaker, Olfat, Mossallam, Dalia, ElGindy, Hala
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Original
• ISSN: 2322-3480; 2322-3480
• DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.2.327

BackgroundSepsis is one of the most common causes of multiorgan failure. Sepsis requires the presence of infection with a resultant systemic inflammatory state. Organ dysfunction occurs from the combination of the two processes. Sepsis is the main cause of mortality at intensive care units, with 30-50% mortality rate for all septic episodes. MicroRNA (miRNA) profile data could be beneficial as a specific diagnostic biomarker for sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). MethodsExpression of miRNAs -122, -181b, -223 and -146a levels were assayed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in a prospective case control study, where forty septic cases were compared to 40 healthy controls of matched age and gender. ResultsmiRNAs -122 and -181b were significantly upregulated during early septic conditions, indicating that they could be sensitive and specific biomarkers for diagnosing sepsis. miRNA-223 and miRNA-146a could also represent highly specific and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers, as they were found to be significantly down-regulated. Serum levels of miRNA-223 could be used to predict poor prognosis with 70% sensitivity and 75% specificity, whereas the other three miRNAs could not predict prognosis. ConclusionOur study shows that all tested miRNAs can be used for early detection of sepsis, with miRNA-223 being predictive of mortality, hence preventing multi-organ failure and reducing mortality, and predicting poor outcomes, thereby assisting in early categorization of ICU patients for rapid appropriate treatment and medico legal aspects.