Canine hepatic calodiosis with cirrhosis

The nematode parasite Calodium hepaticum ( Capillaria hepatica ) has a global distribution and is commonly reported in rodents (definitive host), dogs, cats and wild animals. Humans especially children are more susceptible to the parasitic infection. This paper documents an incidental finding of hep...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of parasitic diseases 2022-09, Vol.46 (3), p.613-616
Main Authors: Sumathi, P., Hemalatha, S., Nagarajan, K., Vidhya, M., Sreekumar, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chronic infection
Cirrhosis
Collagen
Eggs
Fibrosis
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Infections
Infectious Diseases
Liver
Liver cirrhosis
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Necropsy
Ova
Pets
Short Communication
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Summary:The nematode parasite Calodium hepaticum ( Capillaria hepatica ) has a global distribution and is commonly reported in rodents (definitive host), dogs, cats and wild animals. Humans especially children are more susceptible to the parasitic infection. This paper documents an incidental finding of hepatic calodiosis with cirrhosis in a stray dog and discusses the zoonotic implications. A non descript dog was brought for necropsy examination to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu, India. Liver appeared dark brown, mottled with multifocal random variably sized, grey white flat firm areas. Histopathologically, liver tissue revealed multiple random encysted large collection of eggs surrounded by mild inflammation with a few lymphocytes, macrophages and fine fibrosis. The eggs had characteristic barrel shape, bipolar ends, bilayered wall, cross striations between the walls, and yolk. Periodic acid Schiff stain demonstrated the glycolic wall of ova. Marked portal to portal fibrosis was demonstrated by Masson’s trichrome (for collagen) and by Warthin-Starry (for reticulin) stains. The stage of parasitic infection was diagnosed as intermediate to chronic due to fibrosis. A need to study the prevalence of the disease in rodents, human and animals is emphasized. Improper burial of carcasses of rodents and dogs may contribute to spread of infection. Pets and stray animals may transmit infection to human and pose health risk.
ISSN:0971-7196
0975-0703
DOI:10.1007/s12639-022-01501-6