COVID-19 diverse outcomes: Aggravated reinfection, type I interferons and antibodies

SARS-CoV-2 infection intrigued medicine with diverse outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and death. After more than two years of pandemic, reports of reinfection concern researchers and physicists. Here, we will discuss potential mechanisms that can explain...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical hypotheses 2022-10, Vol.167, p.110943-110943, Article 110943
Main Authors: Costa Silva, Rafael Cardoso Maciel, Bandeira-Melo, Christianne, Paula Neto, Heitor Afonso, Vale, André Macedo, Travassos, Leonardo Holanda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Reinfection
SARS-CoV-2
Type I interferons
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Summary:SARS-CoV-2 infection intrigued medicine with diverse outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and death. After more than two years of pandemic, reports of reinfection concern researchers and physicists. Here, we will discuss potential mechanisms that can explain reinfections, including the aggravated ones. The major topics of this hypothesis paper are the disbalance between interferon and antibodies responses, HLA heterogeneity among the affected population, and increased proportion of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells polarization in relation to T follicular cells (Tfh) subtypes. These features affect antibody levels and hamper the humoral immunity necessary to prevent or minimize the viral burden in the case of reinfections.
ISSN:0306-9877
1532-2777
DOI:10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110943