Myocardial Infarction As the Initial Presentation of Rituximab-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report

Rituximab has been widely used alone or in combination therapy to treat B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and various autoimmune diseases. Although it is a relatively safe drug, rare rituximab-induced interstitial lung disease (RTX-ILD) has been reported and can be potential...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2022-08, Vol.14 (8)
Main Authors: Mahmoud, Mohamed, Khan, Arshan A, El Kortbi, Khadija, Wang, Hayoung, Wang, Joseph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Antibodies
Antigens
Blood
Cardiac arrhythmia
Cardiology
Cardiovascular disease
Case reports
Chemotherapy
Coronary vessels
Cytomegalovirus
Edema
Electrocardiography
Heart attacks
Immunotherapy
Infectious Disease
Internal Medicine
Laboratories
Lung diseases
Lymphoma
Monoclonal antibodies
Peptides
Pneumonia
Polymerase chain reaction
Staphylococcus infections
Targeted cancer therapy
Tomography
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Summary:Rituximab has been widely used alone or in combination therapy to treat B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and various autoimmune diseases. Although it is a relatively safe drug, rare rituximab-induced interstitial lung disease (RTX-ILD) has been reported and can be potentially fatal.Here, we report a patient with stage 4 mantle cell lymphoma on rituximab who presented with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in the setting of severe respiratory distress. He underwent left heart catheterization that revealed no new obstructive lesions and patent grafts. Extensive Infectious and autoimmune workup was negative except for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia. The patient was diagnosed later with probable RTX-ILD after exclusion of other etiologies, and he did not show any signs of clinical improvement despite antibiotics and steroid therapy. The patient was then discharged to a long-term acute care hospital, where he eventually passed away.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.28179