Two Cases of Kikuchi Disease Presenting with Aseptic Meningitis and Encephalitis

Kikuchi disease, also called histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is an idiopathic and generally self-limiting disease affecting young adults and children. Kikuchi disease does not commonly manifest neurological complications at its initial presentation. We herein report two cases of Kikuchi disea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Internal Medicine 2022/09/01, Vol.61(17), pp.2687-2689
Main Authors: Iwamoto, Nobuki, Funahashi, Mari, Shinohara, Koh, Nakaya, Yoshifumi, Motobayashi, Hirofumi, Tochitani, Kentaro, Yamamoto, Shungo, Shimizu, Tsunehiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthritis
Aseptic meningitis
Case Report
Central nervous system
Encephalitis
Internal medicine
Kikuchi disease
Lymph nodes
Lymphadenitis
Lymphadenopathy
Magnetic resonance imaging
Meningitis
Neurological complications
neurological symptoms
painful cervical lymphadenopathy
Steroid hormones
Young adults
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Summary:Kikuchi disease, also called histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is an idiopathic and generally self-limiting disease affecting young adults and children. Kikuchi disease does not commonly manifest neurological complications at its initial presentation. We herein report two cases of Kikuchi disease that initially presented with aseptic meningitis and encephalitis rather than the more common signs of lymphadenopathy, rash, and arthritis. A 15-year-old boy presented with aseptic meningitis with an extremely high intracranial pressure. A 28-year-old man presented with dysesthesia of the right lower extremity, coinciding with abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings. In both cases, painful cervical lymphadenopathy was observed following the central nervous system symptoms. Both patients improved after treatment with steroids. Kikuchi disease occasionally affects the central nervous system, to which lymphadenitis may be observed subsequently. A repeated, careful physical examination of the cervical lymph nodes may be helpful for the diagnosis.
ISSN:0918-2918
1349-7235
DOI:10.2169/internalmedicine.7724-21