Elastin-Derived Peptides in the Central Nervous System: Friend or Foe

Elastin is one of the main structural matrix proteins of the arteries, lung, cartilage, elastic ligaments, brain vessels, and skin. These elastin fibers display incredible resilience and structural stability with long half-life. However, during some physiological and pathophysiological conditions, e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular neurobiology 2022-11, Vol.42 (8), p.2473-2487
Main Authors: Szychowski, Konrad A., Skóra, Bartosz, Wójtowicz, Anna K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Alzheimer's disease
Arteries
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cartilage
Cell Biology
Central nervous system
Cerebrospinal fluid
Degradation
Elastin
Ischemia
Nervous system
Neurobiology
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurosciences
Peptides
Proteolysis
Review Paper
Vascular diseases
β-Amyloid
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Summary:Elastin is one of the main structural matrix proteins of the arteries, lung, cartilage, elastic ligaments, brain vessels, and skin. These elastin fibers display incredible resilience and structural stability with long half-life. However, during some physiological and pathophysiological conditions, elastin is prone to proteolytic degradation and, due to the extremely low turnover rate, its degradation is practically an irreversible and irreparable phenomenon. As a result of elastin degradation, new peptides called elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) are formed. A growing body of evidence suggests that these peptides play an important role in the development of age-related vascular disease. They are also detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of healthy people, and their amount increases in patients after ischemic stroke. Recently, elastin-like polypeptides have been reported to induce overproduction of beta-amyloid in a model of Alzheimer's disease. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of action of EDPs in the nervous system is largely unknown and limited to only a few studies. The article summarizes the current state of knowledge on the role of EDPs in the nervous system.
ISSN:0272-4340
1573-6830
DOI:10.1007/s10571-021-01140-0