Biomarkers in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Status Quo and Future Perspective

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide, and its incidence is steadily increasing. During the last two decades, a tremendous improvement in outcome has been achieved, mainly due to the introduction of novel drugs, targeted treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2022-10, Vol.14 (19), p.4828
Main Authors: Puccini, Alberto, Seeber, Andreas, Berger, Martin D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Chemotherapy
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
DNA methylation
ErbB-2 protein
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immunosuppressive agents
Medical prognosis
Metastases
Metastasis
Microsatellite instability
Mismatch repair
Mutation
Patient outcomes
Patients
Precision medicine
Review
Tumors
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide, and its incidence is steadily increasing. During the last two decades, a tremendous improvement in outcome has been achieved, mainly due to the introduction of novel drugs, targeted treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and biomarker-driven patient selection. Moreover, progress in molecular diagnostics but also improvement in surgical techniques and local ablative treatments significantly contributed to this success. However, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to further improve outcome in patients diagnosed with metastatic CRC. Besides the established biomarkers for mCRC, such as microsatellite instability (MSI) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), , sidedness and amplification, new biomarkers have to be identified to better select patients who derive the most benefit from a specific treatment. In this review, we provide an overview about therapeutic relevant and established biomarkers but also shed light on potential promising markers that may help us to better tailor therapy to the individual mCRC patient in the near future.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers14194828