Lysyl Oxidases: Orchestrators of Cellular Behavior and ECM Remodeling and Homeostasis

Lysyl oxidases have long been considered key secreted extracellular matrix modifying enzymes. As such, their activity has been associated with the crosslinking of collagens and elastin, and as a result, they have been linked to multiple developmental and pathological processes. However, numerous lin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-09, Vol.23 (19), p.11378
Main Authors: Zaffryar-Eilot, Shelly, Hasson, Peleg
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Breast cancer
Collagen
Crosslinking
Cytoplasm
Elastin
Enzymes
Extracellular matrix
Fibroblasts
Gene expression
Homeostasis
Intracellular
Kinases
Liquid oxygen
Localization
Metastasis
Peptides
Phosphorylation
Proteins
Review
Smooth muscle
Transcription factors
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Summary:Lysyl oxidases have long been considered key secreted extracellular matrix modifying enzymes. As such, their activity has been associated with the crosslinking of collagens and elastin, and as a result, they have been linked to multiple developmental and pathological processes. However, numerous lines of evidence also demonstrated that members of this enzyme family are localized and are active within the cytoplasm or cell nuclei, where they regulate and participate in distinct cellular events. In this review, we focus on a few of these events and highlight the intracellular role these enzymes play. Close examination of these events, suggest that the intracellular activities of lysyl oxidases is mostly observed in processes where concomitant changes in the extracellular matrix takes place. Here, we suggest that the LOX family members act in the relay between changes in the cells’ environment and the intracellular processes that promote them or that follow.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms231911378