Hypothyroidism and multinodular goiter due to tubercular thyroiditis: A rare coexistence

• Published in: Annals of medicine and surgery 2022-10, Vol.82, Article 104724
• Main Authors: Sbai, Achraf Amine, Draoui, Najat, Tsen, Adil Abdenbi, Elayoubi, Fahd
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Case Report; Giganto-cellular granulomatous; Thyroid; Tuberculosis
• ISSN: 2049-0801; 2049-0801
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104724

the diagnosis of thyroid tuberculosis is often difficult, on account of its rarity even in countries with endemic tuberculosis, and on account of its non-specific clinical, biological and radiological presentation. A 38-year-old woman presented with swelling in the anterior part of the neck for 7 years. Clinical and radiological examination found multinodular goiter and fine needle aspiration cytology showed colloidal cells with follicular cells. A total thyroidectomy was performed and histological examination of showed epithelioid and giganto-cellular granulomatous with caseous necrosis, confirming the diagnosis of tuberculous thyroiditis. Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland is a very rare disease, the diagnosis is often made by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), the treatment is mainly medical with antituberculosis drugs, but surgery remains a therapeutic means for some cases. The diagnosis of thyroid TB should be suspected in the presence of a thyroid swelling or nodule, especially in countries with a high prevalence of TB, to allow for early and appropriate management. •Thyroid tuberculosis is a rare entity even in endemic countries.•The association of thyroid tuberculosis and a multinodular goiter is even rarer.•While the association of tuberculous thyroid disease and hypothyroidism is exceptional.•We report our experience of the management of thyroid tuberculosis which is added to the limited data of the literature.