Epigenetic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in stroke

Accumulating evidence indicates a central role for epigenetic modifications in the progression of stroke pathology. These epigenetic mechanisms are involved in complex and dynamic processes that modulate post-stroke gene expression, cellular injury response, motor function, and cognitive ability. De...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 2022-11, Vol.42 (11), p.2000-2016
Main Authors: Morris-Blanco, Kahlilia C, Chokkalla, Anil K, Arruri, Vijay, Jeong, Soomin, Probelsky, Samantha M, Vemuganti, Raghu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
DNA
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenomics
Humans
Review
Stroke - drug therapy
Stroke - genetics
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Summary:Accumulating evidence indicates a central role for epigenetic modifications in the progression of stroke pathology. These epigenetic mechanisms are involved in complex and dynamic processes that modulate post-stroke gene expression, cellular injury response, motor function, and cognitive ability. Despite decades of research, stroke continues to be classified as a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with limited clinical interventions. Thus, technological advances in the field of epigenetics may provide innovative targets to develop new stroke therapies. This review presents the evidence on the impact of epigenomic readers, writers, and erasers in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke pathophysiology. We specifically explore the role of DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, and epigenomic regulation by long non-coding RNAs in modulating gene expression and functional outcome after stroke. Furthermore, we highlight promising pharmacological approaches and biomarkers in relation to epigenetics for translational therapeutic applications.
ISSN:0271-678X
1559-7016
DOI:10.1177/0271678X221116192