Familial Predisposition to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Background Having a family history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has been investigated in the literature but few studies have focused on this factor specifically or reported their outcomes by sex. Objective We aimed to systematically review family history as a risk factor for sustaining...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sports medicine (Auckland) 2022-11, Vol.52 (11), p.2657-2668
Main Authors: Hasani, Sara, Feller, Julian A., Webster, Kate E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anterior cruciate ligament
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries - surgery
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Athletes
CRD
CRD42020186472
Family medical history
Female
Humans
Joint and ligament injuries
Knee
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Reviews
Risk Factors
Rupture
Sex
Software
Sports injuries
Sports Medicine
Systematic Review
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Summary:Background Having a family history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has been investigated in the literature but few studies have focused on this factor specifically or reported their outcomes by sex. Objective We aimed to systematically review family history as a risk factor for sustaining a primary ACL injury and the impact it has on ACL graft rupture or contralateral ACL injury in male and female individuals. Methods A literature search was completed in seven databases from inception until March 2021 to investigate primary and subsequent ACL injuries in those with a family history of ACL injury. Articles were screened by prespecified inclusion criteria, and the methodological quality of each study was determined. Study results were combined using an odds ratio (OR) meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was also completed by sex for primary ACL injury, as well as by graft rupture and contralateral ACL injury for subsequent ACL injuries. Results Twelve studies were acquired for systematic review and meta-analysis. Four studies that investigated primary ACL injury, seven that investigated ACL graft and/or contralateral ACL ruptures and one study that investigated both primary and subsequent ACL injury. Having a family history of ACL injury increased the odds of injury across all outcomes. Those with a family history had a 2.5 times greater odds for sustaining a primary ACL injury (OR 2.53 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.96–3.28, p  
ISSN:0112-1642
1179-2035
DOI:10.1007/s40279-022-01711-1