Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of Bioenergetic Capacity in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients and THP-1 Macrophages

Sumac, Rhus coriaria L., is a Mediterranean plant showing several useful properties, such as antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Currently, there is no evidence about its possible neuroprotective action in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We hypothesized that sumac could modulate mitochondrial functio...

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Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-11, Vol.23 (21), p.12774
Main Authors: Isgrò, Camilla, Spagnuolo, Ludovica, Pannucci, Elisa, Mondello, Luigi, Santi, Luca, Dugo, Laura, Sardanelli, Anna Maria
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
Hydrogen peroxide
Kinases
Macrophages
Mitochondria
Mutation
Neuroprotection
Parkinson's disease
Patients
Phenotypes
Polyphenols
Rhus coriaria
Sumac
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Summary:Sumac, Rhus coriaria L., is a Mediterranean plant showing several useful properties, such as antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Currently, there is no evidence about its possible neuroprotective action in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We hypothesized that sumac could modulate mitochondrial functionality in fibroblasts of familial early-onset PD patients showing PARK2 mutations. Sumac extract volatile profile, polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity have been previously characterized. We evaluated ROS and ATP levels on sumac-treated patients’ and healthy control fibroblasts. In PD fibroblasts, all treatments were effective in reducing H2O2 levels, while patients’ ATP content was modulated differently, probably due to the varying mutations in the PARK2 gene found in individual patients which are also involved in different mitochondrial phenotypes. We also investigated the effect of sumac extract on THP-1-differentiated macrophages, which show different embryogenic origin with respect to fibroblasts. In THP-1 macrophages, sumac treatment determined a reduction in H2O2 levels and an increase in the mitochondrial ATP content in M1, assuming that sumac could polarize the M1 to M2 phenotype, as demonstrated with other food-derived compounds rich in polyphenols. In conclusion, Rhus coriaria L. extracts could represent a potential nutraceutical approach to PD.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms232112774