The Role of MicroRNAs in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Where We Are and Future Prospective

Breast cancer that highly expresses human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) represents one of the major breast cancer subtypes, and was associated with a poor prognosis until the introduction of HER2-targeted therapies such as trastuzumab. Unfortunately, up to 30% of patients with HER2+ loc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2022-10, Vol.14 (21), p.5326
Main Authors: Fogazzi, Valentina, Kapahnke, Marcel, Cataldo, Alessandra, Plantamura, Ilaria, Tagliabue, Elda, Di Cosimo, Serena, Cosentino, Giulia, Iorio, Marilena V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Breast cancer
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Drugs
Enzymes
Epidermal growth factor
ErbB-2 protein
Gene expression
Genomes
Health aspects
Kinases
Malignancy
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Monoclonal antibodies
Nucleotides
Oligonucleotides
Patients
Post-transcription
Prognosis
Review
Trastuzumab
Tumors
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Summary:Breast cancer that highly expresses human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) represents one of the major breast cancer subtypes, and was associated with a poor prognosis until the introduction of HER2-targeted therapies such as trastuzumab. Unfortunately, up to 30% of patients with HER2+ localized breast cancer continue to relapse, despite treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (approximately 20 nucleotides long) non-coding regulatory oligonucleotides. They function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, binding complementarily to a target mRNA and leading to the arrest of translation or mRNA degradation. In the last two decades, translational research has focused on these small molecules because of their highly differentiated expression patterns in blood and tumor tissue, as well as their potential biological function. In cancer research, they have become pivotal for the thorough understanding of oncogenic biological processes. They might also provide an efficient approach to early monitoring of tumor progression or response to therapy. Indeed, changes in their expression patterns can represent a flag for deeper biological changes. In this review, we sum up the recent literature regarding miRNAs in HER2+ breast cancer, taking into account their potential as powerful prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as therapeutic tools.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers14215326