Molecular Mechanisms Linking Inflammation to Autoimmunity in Sjögren’s Syndrome: Identification of New Targets

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disorder characterized by the lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands and the production of autoantibodies to self-antigens. The involvement of the exocrine glands drives the pathognomonic manifestations of dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-10, Vol.23 (21), p.13229
Main Authors: Sisto, Margherita, Ribatti, Domenico, Lisi, Sabrina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer's disease
Angiogenesis
Antigens
Apoptosis
Autoantibodies
Autoantigens
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmunity
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Diabetes
Diabetic retinopathy
Exocrine glands
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Immunology
Infections
Inflammation
Keratoconjunctivitis
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Medical research
Molecular modelling
Pathogenesis
Proteins
Review
Salivary gland
Salivary glands
Sjogren's syndrome
Viral infections
Viruses
Xerostomia
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Description
Summary:Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disorder characterized by the lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands and the production of autoantibodies to self-antigens. The involvement of the exocrine glands drives the pathognomonic manifestations of dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) and dry mouth (xerostomia) that define sicca syndrome. To date, the molecular mechanisms mediating pathological salivary gland dysfunction in SS remain to be elucidated, despite extensive studies investigating the underlying cause of this disease, hampering the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Many researchers have identified a multifactorial pathogenesis of SS, including environmental, genetic, neuroendocrine, and immune factors. In this review, we explore the latest developments in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of SS, which have attracted increasing interest in recent years.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms232113229