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Humoral and cellular response to the COVID-19 vaccine in immunocompromised children
Background A suboptimal response to the 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine series in the immunocompromised population prompted recommendations for a 3rd primary dose. We aimed to determine the humoral and cellular immune response to the 3rd COVID-19 vaccine in immunocompromised children. Methods Prospective co...
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Published in: | Pediatric research 2023-07, Vol.94 (1), p.200-205 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Background
A suboptimal response to the 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine series in the immunocompromised population prompted recommendations for a 3rd primary dose. We aimed to determine the humoral and cellular immune response to the 3rd COVID-19 vaccine in immunocompromised children.
Methods
Prospective cohort study of immunocompromised participants, 5–21 years old, who received 2 prior doses of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Humoral and CD4/CD8 T-cell responses were measured to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens prior to receiving the 3rd vaccine dose and 3–4 weeks after the 3rd dose was given.
Results
Of the 37 participants, approximately half were solid organ transplant recipients. The majority (86.5%) had a detectable humoral response after the 2nd and 3rd vaccine doses, with a significant increase in antibody levels after the 3rd dose. Positive T-cell responses increased from being present in 86.5% to 100% of the cohort after the 3rd dose.
Conclusions
Most immunocompromised children mount a humoral and cellular immune response to the 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine series, which is significantly augmented after receiving the 3rd vaccine dose. This supports the utility of the 3rd vaccine dose and the rationale for ongoing emphasis for vaccination against COVID-19 in this population.
Impact
Most immunocompromised children mount a humoral and cellular immune response to the 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine series, which is significantly augmented after receiving the 3rd vaccine dose.
This is the first prospective cohort study to analyze both the humoral and T-cell immune response to the 3rd COVID-19 primary vaccine dose in children who are immunocompromised.
The results of this study support the utility of the 3rd vaccine dose and the rationale for ongoing emphasis for vaccination against COVID-19 in the immunosuppressed pediatric population. |
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ISSN: | 0031-3998 1530-0447 1530-0447 |
DOI: | 10.1038/s41390-022-02374-4 |