Triple-Networked Hybrid Hydrogels Reinforced with Montmorillonite Clay and Graphene Nanoplatelets for Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration

Hydrogel is a three-dimensional (3D) soft and highly hydrophilic, polymeric network that can swell in water and imbibe a high amount of water or biological fluids. Hydrogels have been used widely in various biomedical applications. Hydrogel may provide a fluidic tissue-like 3D microenvironment by ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-11, Vol.23 (22), p.14158
Main Authors: Kumar, Anuj, Won, So-Yeon, Sood, Ankur, Choi, So-Yeon, Singhmar, Ritu, Bhaskar, Rakesh, Kumar, Vineet, Zo, Sun Mi, Han, Sung-Soo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alginic acid
Bentonite
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Biopolymers
Cellular structure
Clay
Crosslinking
Graphene
Graphite
Hydrogels
Hydrogels - chemistry
Mechanical properties
Microenvironments
Moisture content
Montmorillonite
Platelets (materials)
Polyacrylamide
Polymers
Polyvinyl Alcohol - chemistry
Regeneration (physiology)
Reproducibility
Sodium alginate
Tissue engineering
Water - chemistry
Water content
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Summary:Hydrogel is a three-dimensional (3D) soft and highly hydrophilic, polymeric network that can swell in water and imbibe a high amount of water or biological fluids. Hydrogels have been used widely in various biomedical applications. Hydrogel may provide a fluidic tissue-like 3D microenvironment by maintaining the original network for tissue engineering. However, their low mechanical performances limit their broad applicability in various functional tissues. This property causes substantial challenges in designing and preparing strong hydrogel networks. Therefore, we report the triple-networked hybrid hydrogel network with enhanced mechanical properties by incorporating dual-crosslinking and nanofillers (e.g., montmorillonite (MMT), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)). In this study, we prepared hybrid hydrogels composed of polyacrylamide, poly (vinyl alcohol), sodium alginate, MMT, and MMT/GNPs through dynamic crosslinking. The freeze-dried hybrid hydrogels showed good 3D porous architecture. The results exhibited a magnificent porous structure, interconnected pore-network surface morphology, enhanced mechanical properties, and cellular activity of hybrid hydrogels.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms232214158