A nonparametric test for equality of survival medians using right-censored prevalent cohort survival data

The median is a robust summary commonly used for comparison between populations. The existing literature falls short in testing for equality of survival medians when the collected data do not form representative samples from their respective target populations and are subject to right censoring. Suc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Statistical methods in medical research 2022-12, Vol.31 (12), p.2431-2441
Main Authors: McVittie, James Hugh, Asgharian, Masoud
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Alzheimer's disease
Bias
Canada - epidemiology
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Computer Simulation
Data collection
Dementia
Equality
Humans
Maximum likelihood estimators
Nonparametric statistics
Original s
Population (statistical)
Research Design
Simulation
Survival
Survival Analysis
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Summary:The median is a robust summary commonly used for comparison between populations. The existing literature falls short in testing for equality of survival medians when the collected data do not form representative samples from their respective target populations and are subject to right censoring. Such data commonly occur in prevalent cohort studies with follow-up. We consider a particular case where the disease under study is stable, that is, the incidence rate of the disease is stable. It is known that survival data collected on diseased cases, when the disease under study is stable, form a length-biased sample from the target population. We fill the gap for the particular case of length-biased right-censored survival data by proposing a large-sample test using the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator of the survivor function in the target population. The small sample performance of the proposed test statistic is studied via simulation. We apply the proposed method to test for differences in survival medians of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia groups using the survival data collected as part of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging.
ISSN:0962-2802
1477-0334
DOI:10.1177/09622802221125912