Duration of Behavioral Policy Interventions and Incidence of COVID-19 by Social Vulnerability of US Counties, April–December 2020

Objective: State-issued behavioral policy interventions (BPIs) can limit community spread of COVID-19, but their effects on COVID-19 transmission may vary by level of social vulnerability in the community. We examined the association between the duration of BPIs and the incidence of COVID-19 across...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Public health reports (1974) 2023-01, Vol.138 (1), p.190-199
Main Authors: Kao, Szu-Yu Zoe, Sharpe, J. Danielle, Lane, Rashon I., Njai, Rashid, McCord, Russell F., Ajiboye, Aderonke S., Ladva, Chandresh N., Vo, Linda, Ekwueme, Donatus U.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Coronaviruses
Counties
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - prevention & control
Disease control
Disease transmission
Humans
Incidence
Masks
Policy
Prevention
Protective equipment
Quartiles
Shelter in place
Social Vulnerability
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Objective: State-issued behavioral policy interventions (BPIs) can limit community spread of COVID-19, but their effects on COVID-19 transmission may vary by level of social vulnerability in the community. We examined the association between the duration of BPIs and the incidence of COVID-19 across levels of social vulnerability in US counties. Methods: We used COVID-19 case counts from USAFacts and policy data on BPIs (face mask mandates, stay-at-home orders, gathering bans) in place from April through December 2020 and the 2018 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We conducted multilevel linear regression to estimate the associations between duration of each BPI and monthly incidence of COVID-19 (cases per 100 000 population) by SVI quartiles (grouped as low, moderate low, moderate high, and high social vulnerability) for 3141 US counties. Results: Having a BPI in place for longer durations (ie, ≥2 months) was associated with lower incidence of COVID-19 compared with having a BPI in place for
ISSN:0033-3549
1468-2877
DOI:10.1177/00333549221125202