Tear and Plasma Levels of Cytokines in Patients with Uveitis: Search for Active Disease Biomarkers

Uveitis accounts for up to 20% of blindness in Europe, making the development of new non-invasive biomarkers which could help in its management a field of interest. It has been hypothesised that tear levels of cytokines and chemokines could be used as a potential biomarker in patients with anterior...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2022-11, Vol.11 (23), p.7034
Main Authors: García-Onrubia, Luis, Mateos Olivares, Milagros, García-Vázquez, Carmen, Enríquez-de-Salamanca, Amalia, Cocho, Lidia, Herreras Cantalapiedra, José María
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemokines
Chronic illnesses
Clinical medicine
Cytokines
Epidermal growth factor
Eye diseases
Plasma
Software
Statistical analysis
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:Uveitis accounts for up to 20% of blindness in Europe, making the development of new non-invasive biomarkers which could help in its management a field of interest. It has been hypothesised that tear levels of cytokines and chemokines could be used as a potential biomarker in patients with anterior uveitis, and this could be correlated with their concentration in plasma. Therefore, we measured twelve cytokines/chemokines in tear and plasma samples of 22 patients diagnosed with active anterior uveitis. Levels of these molecules in tears and plasma were compared and associated with the degree of activity of the uveitis. It is notable that the percentage of tear interleukin (IL)-6 detection was significantly reduced in the inactive phase (p < 0.05). However, the tear concentration in epidermal growth factor (EGF), fractalkine, IL-8, IL-1RA, interferon-inducible protein (IP)-10/CXCL10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-6, comparing the active and inactive period, was not statistically different. Apart from the tear VEGF levels, the cytokine/chemokine concentration in tears in the active/inactive phase was statistically different (p < 0.05) from the counterpart levels in plasma. In conclusion, no isolated cytokine/chemokine in the tears has been found in a concentration which could be used as a potential biomarker of disease activity and treatment response.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm11237034