Population Pharmacokinetics of Moxifloxacin in Children

Background/Objective Moxifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that is commonly used in adults, but not children. Certain clinical situations compel pediatric clinicians to use moxifloxacin, despite its potential for toxicity and limited pharmacokinetics (PK) data. Our objective was to further characterize...

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Published in:Paediatric drugs 2022-03, Vol.24 (2), p.163-173
Main Authors: Greenberg, Rachel G., Landersdorfer, Cornelia B., Rivera-Chaparro, Nazario, Harward, Melissa, Conrad, Thomas, Nakamura, Aya, Kirkpatrick, Carl M., Gu, Kenan, Ghazaryhan, Varduhi, Osborn, Blaire, Walter, Emmanuel B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Bioavailability
Drug dosages
Drug resistance
FDA approval
Gram-positive bacteria
Guardians
Infections
Internal Medicine
Laboratories
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Research Article
Pediatrics
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacotherapy
Plasma
Pneumonia
Population
Quality control
Software
Tuberculosis
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Summary:Background/Objective Moxifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that is commonly used in adults, but not children. Certain clinical situations compel pediatric clinicians to use moxifloxacin, despite its potential for toxicity and limited pharmacokinetics (PK) data. Our objective was to further characterize the pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin in children. Methods We performed an opportunistic, open-label population PK study of moxifloxacin in children  40 kg. The population mean clearance and mean volume of distribution were 18.2 L/h and 167 L, respectively. The oral absorption was described by a first-order process. The estimated extent of oral bioavailability was highly variable (range 20–91%). Total body weight was identified as a covariate on clearance and volume of distribution, and substantially reduced the random unexplained inter-individual variability for both parameters. No participants experienced suspected serious adverse reactions related to moxifloxacin. Conclusion These data add to the existing literature to support use of moxifloxacin in children in certain situations; however, further prospective studies on the safety and efficacy of moxifloxacin are needed.
ISSN:1174-5878
1179-2019
DOI:10.1007/s40272-022-00493-3