NAA60 (HAT4): the newly discovered bi-functional Golgi member of the acetyltransferase family

Chromatin structural organization, gene expression and proteostasis are intricately regulated in a wide range of biological processes, both physiological and pathological. Protein acetylation, a major post-translational modification, is tightly involved in interconnected biological networks, modulat...

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Published in:Clinical epigenetics 2022-12, Vol.14 (1), p.182-182, Article 182
Main Authors: Donnarumma, Federica, Tucci, Valeria, Ambrosino, Concetta, Altucci, Lucia, Carafa, Vincenzo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetates
Acetylation
Acetyltransferases - genetics
Acetyltransferases - metabolism
Chromatin
Chromatin - metabolism
DNA Methylation
Enzymes
Epigenetic inheritance
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genetic transcription
Golgi Apparatus - metabolism
Histone Acetyltransferases - genetics
Histone Acetyltransferases - metabolism
Histones
Histones - metabolism
Humans
Lysine
Membrane proteins
Post-translational modification
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Review
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Summary:Chromatin structural organization, gene expression and proteostasis are intricately regulated in a wide range of biological processes, both physiological and pathological. Protein acetylation, a major post-translational modification, is tightly involved in interconnected biological networks, modulating the activation of gene transcription and protein action in cells. A very large number of studies describe the pivotal role of the so-called acetylome (accounting for more than 80% of the human proteome) in orchestrating different pathways in response to stimuli and triggering severe diseases, including cancer. NAA60/NatF (N-terminal acetyltransferase F), also named HAT4 (histone acetyltransferase type B protein 4), is a newly discovered acetyltransferase in humans modifying N-termini of transmembrane proteins starting with M-K/M-A/M-V/M-M residues and is also thought to modify lysine residues of histone H4. Because of its enzymatic features and unusual cell localization on the Golgi membrane, NAA60 is an intriguing acetyltransferase that warrants biochemical and clinical investigation. Although it is still poorly studied, this review summarizes current findings concerning the structural hallmarks and biological role of this novel targetable epigenetic enzyme.
ISSN:1868-7075
1868-7083
DOI:10.1186/s13148-022-01402-8