Free and Poly-Methyl-Methacrylate-Bounded BODIPYs: Photodynamic and Antimigratory Effects in 2D and 3D Cancer Models

Several limitations, including dark toxicity, reduced tumor tissue selectivity, low photostability and poor biocompatibility hamper the clinical use of Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment. To overcome these limitations, new PSs have been synthetized, and often combined with drug delivery...

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Published in:Cancers 2022-12, Vol.15 (1), p.92
Main Authors: Ballestri, Marco, Marras, Emanuela, Caruso, Enrico, Bolognese, Fabrizio, Malacarne, Miryam Chiara, Martella, Elisa, Tubertini, Matilde, Gariboldi, Marzia Bruna, Varchi, Greta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antitumor activity
Antitumor agents
Apoptosis
Aqueous solutions
Biocompatibility
Cancer
Cell culture
Cell death
Cell migration
Cell viability
Cytotoxicity
Drug delivery
Health aspects
Malignancy
Metastases
Methods
Methyl methacrylate
Nanoparticles
Photochemotherapy
Photodynamic therapy
Polymethylmethacrylate
Potassium
Solid tumors
Tumor cell lines
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Summary:Several limitations, including dark toxicity, reduced tumor tissue selectivity, low photostability and poor biocompatibility hamper the clinical use of Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment. To overcome these limitations, new PSs have been synthetized, and often combined with drug delivery systems, to improve selectivity and reduce toxicity. In this context, BODIPYs (4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene) have recently emerged as promising and easy-to-handle scaffolds for the preparation of effective PDT antitumor agents. In this study, the anticancer photodynamic effect of newly prepared negatively charged polymethyl methacrylate (nPMMA)-bounded BODIPYs ( and ) was evaluated on a panel of 2D- and 3D-cultured cancer cell lines and compared with free BODIPYs. In particular, the effect on cell viability was evaluated, along with their ability to accumulate into the cells, induce apoptotic and/or necrotic cell death, and inhibit cellular migration. Our results indicated that and reduce cancer cell viability in 3D models of HC116 and MCF7 cells more effectively than the corresponding free compounds. Importantly, we demonstrated that MDA-MB231 and SKOV3 cell migration ability was significantly impaired by the PDT treatment mediated by and nanoparticles, likely indicating the capability of this approach to reduce metastatic tumor potential.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers15010092