Phytochemical Compounds and Anticancer Activity of Cladanthus mixtus Extracts from Northern Morocco

• Published in: Cancers 2022-12, Vol.15 (1), p.152
• Main Authors: El Mihyaoui, Amina, Charfi, Saoulajan, Erbiai, El Hadi, Pereira, Mariana, Duarte, Diana, Vale, Nuno, Candela Castillo, María Emilia, Badoc, Alain, Lamarti, Ahmed, Esteves da Silva, Joaquim C G, Arnao, Marino B
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Alcohols; Amines; Antitumor activity; Antitumor agents; Bioactive compounds; Breast cancer; Breast carcinoma; Cancer; Carcinogenesis; Cell cycle; Cell division; Drug development; Esters; Fatty acids; Flowers; Flowers & plants; Herbal medicine; Laboratories; Life Sciences; Mutation; Organic acids; Phenolic compounds; Phytochemicals; Plant extracts; Prostate; Prostate carcinoma; Sterols; Tumor cell lines; Tumor cells; Vegetal Biology
• ISSN: 2072-6694; 0129-797X; 2072-6694
• DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010152

Many of the chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of cancer are molecules identified and isolated from plants or their synthetic derivatives. This work aimed to identify the bioactive compounds using LC-MS and GC-MS and to evaluate the anticancer activity of the methanolic extracts of roots, stems, leaves, and flowers from . The anticancer activity was evaluated in vitro against two cancer cell lines: human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and human prostate carcinoma (PC-3), using the MTT assay and microscopic observation. A human normal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) was included to determine the extract's safety for non-tumoral cells. The chemical composition results by LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 24 phenolic compounds. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis allowed the identification of many biomolecules belonging to terpenoids, esters, alcohols, alkanes, fatty acids, organic acids, benzenes, phenols, ketones, carbonyls, amines, sterols, and other groups. The findings suggest that the majority of extracts have antiproliferative activity against two cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and PC-3, and one non-tumoral cell line, MRC-5. The activity was dose-dependent, and the highest effect was obtained with leaf extract in the two cancer cell lines. Moreover, these extracts demonstrated an acceptable toxicological profile against normal cells. Overall, extracts revealed promising antitumor properties provided by their phytochemical composition.