Residual Stress Measurement Techniques for Metal Joints, Metallic Coatings and Components in the Railway Industry: A Review

Manufacturing and maintenance procedures in the railway industry regularly implement welding and metal deposition operations to produce joints, coatings and repair structures. During these processes, residual stresses arise through the generation of heat affected zones and plastic deformation. This...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2022-12, Vol.16 (1), p.232
Main Authors: Kendall, Olivia, Paradowska, Anna, Abrahams, Ralph, Reid, Mark, Qiu, Cong, Mutton, Peter, Yan, Wenyi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Carbon
Coatings
Heat affected zone
High speed rail
Infrastructure
International economic relations
Lasers
Light rail transportation
Manufacturing
Measurement
Measurement methods
Measurement techniques
Mechanical properties
Metal fatigue
Metal joints
Mining industry
Plastic deformation
Railroads
Repair
Residual stress
Review
Steel
Stress concentration
Stress measurement
Stress state
Welding
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Summary:Manufacturing and maintenance procedures in the railway industry regularly implement welding and metal deposition operations to produce joints, coatings and repair structures. During these processes, residual stresses arise through the generation of heat affected zones and plastic deformation. This makes accurate measurements of the internal stresses a critical aspect of manufacturing, monitoring, repair and model validation in the develop new metallic coating and joining technologies. Selection of an appropriate residual stress measurement method has many important factors including component size, resolution and the magnitude and location of internal stresses, often resulting in a combination of techniques required to obtain complete assessment of the stress state. This paper offers a review of residual stress measurement techniques for railway components including rail joints and coatings through comparison of destructive and non-destructive approaches, their measurement capabilities, benefits and limitations. A comprehensive discussion of different applications is provided with a summary of facilities available to both research and industry.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma16010232