Exposure to patients' sample and prevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus infection among health-care workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Background: Hepatitis B and C lead to chronic disease in hundreds of millions of people and together constitute the most common cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer with attendant mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infection amo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of African medicine 2022-10, Vol.21 (4), p.322-326
Main Authors: Adegbamigbe, Oluwafemi, Yusuf, Musah, Durowade, Kabir, Oguntoye, Oluwatosin, Ogundare, Yemisi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Chronic diseases
Cross-Sectional Studies
Disease transmission
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Health aspects
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis C
Hospitals
Humans
Infection
Infections
Liver
Liver cancer
Liver cirrhosis
Medical personnel
Nigeria - epidemiology
Oncology, Experimental
Original
Prevalence
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Tertiary Care Centers
Workers
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Summary:Background: Hepatitis B and C lead to chronic disease in hundreds of millions of people and together constitute the most common cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer with attendant mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infection among different categories of health-care workers, looking at the exposure to patients' samples and the prevalence rate among these categories of health workers. This will help to ascertain the risk and the need to pay more attention to preventive measures. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a 2-year period among 217 health-care workers at the department of Haematology of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. Respondents were randomly selected, and blood samples were taken for the hepatitis B and C screening. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20; bivariate analyses were done, and the level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 13 (6.0%) tested positive for HBsAg. Analysis of the marital status of those that tested positive to Hepatitis B, revealed that the highest number (77%) was found among the married, while the singles and the divorced constitute 15.3% and 7.7% respectively. The nurses and nonhealth professionals (admin staff) constitute the highest positive yield of hepatitis B virus (HBV), followed by medical doctors and laboratory staff. The age of the respondent was found to have a statistically significant association with HBV serology (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a comparatively lower prevalence of HBsAg among the health-care workers who are directly exposed to patients' samples. The age of the respondent has a significant association with hepatitis B infection.
ISSN:1596-3519
0975-5764
DOI:10.4103/aam.aam_44_21