It Is Not the Virus Exposure: Differentiating Job Demands and Resources That Account for Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Health Sector Workers

A cross-sectional study of 3860 health-sector workers across two data collections was conducted to identify the predictive power of different job demands and job resources during the COVID-19 pandemic based on four indicators of distress (COVID-19 traumatic stress, burnout, generalised anxiety, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2023-01, Vol.20 (2), p.1212
Main Authors: Dominguez-Espinosa, Alejandra Del Carmen, Fontaine, Johnny R J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anxiety
Burnout
Burnout, Professional - epidemiology
Confinement
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Data collection
Exposure
Humans
Indicators
Informed consent
Job Satisfaction
Mental depression
Mental health
Multivariate statistical analysis
Pandemics
Sociodemographics
Stress
Surveys and Questionnaires
Viruses
Work environment
Workers
Workload
Workloads
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Summary:A cross-sectional study of 3860 health-sector workers across two data collections was conducted to identify the predictive power of different job demands and job resources during the COVID-19 pandemic based on four indicators of distress (COVID-19 traumatic stress, burnout, generalised anxiety, and depression) among health-sector workers. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, measurement invariance checks, and structural equation models were used to evaluate the dimensionality and the effect of the job demands and resources on distress indictors. The identified job demands were workload, confinement, loss, and virus exposure, while the identified job resources were self-efficacy, momentary recuperation, and meaning making. Loss and workload predicted the distress indicators best, while confinement and virus exposure mainly predicted COVID-19 traumatic stress and were less important for the other distress outcomes. Self-efficacy and meaning making negatively predicted distress, while momentary recuperation, controlled for the other demands and resources, was positively related to the distress indicators. Of the typical pandemic-related demands and resources, the experience of loss due to COVID-19 infection was the most important predictor of distress outcomes. Confinement, and especially the awareness of virus exposure, were far less important predictors.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph20021212