Effectiveness of Biofeedback in Individuals with Awake Bruxism Compared to Other Types of Treatment: A Systematic Review

Excessive masticatory muscle activity is generally present in awake bruxism, which is related to increased anxiety and stress. It has been hypothesized that biofeedback could potentially manage awake bruxism, however, its effectiveness has not been empirically analyzed in a systematic manner. Theref...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2023-01, Vol.20 (2), p.1558
Main Authors: Vieira, Maryllian de Albuquerque, Oliveira-Souza, Ana Izabela Sobral de, Hahn, Gesa, Bähr, Luisa, Armijo-Olivo, Susan, Ferreira, Ana Paula de Lima
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acupuncture
Adult
Anxiety
Behavior modification
Biofeedback
Biofeedback, Psychology - methods
Bruxism - therapy
Clinical trials
Electromyography
Feedback
Headaches
Humans
Intervention
Masseter Muscle
Mastication
Masticatory Muscles
Muscle function
Muscles
Oral hygiene
Pain
Pandemics
Physical therapy
Quality of life
Range of motion
Review
Reviews
Sensory integration
Sleep
Standardization
Systematic review
Teeth
Wakefulness
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Summary:Excessive masticatory muscle activity is generally present in awake bruxism, which is related to increased anxiety and stress. It has been hypothesized that biofeedback could potentially manage awake bruxism, however, its effectiveness has not been empirically analyzed in a systematic manner. Therefore, this systematic review was designed to determine the effectiveness of biofeedback compared to other therapies in adults with awake bruxism. Extensive searches in five databases looking for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included biofeedback to manage awake bruxism were targeted. The risk of bias (RoB) assessment was conducted using the Cochrane RoB-2 tool. Overall, four studies were included in this systematic review, all of which used the electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles during the day and night as the main endpoint. Auditory and visual biofeedback could reduce the excessive level of masticatory muscle activity in a few days of intervention. The majority of the included studies had a high RoB and only one study had a low RoB. The standardization of the biofeedback protocols was also inconsistent, which makes it difficult to establish the ideal protocol for the use of biofeedback in awake bruxism. Thus, it is proposed that future studies seek to reduce methodological risks and obtain more robust samples.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph20021558