Associative effects between Chlorella vulgaris microalgae and Moringa oleifera leaf silage used at different levels decreased in vitro ruminal greenhouse gas production and altered ruminal fermentation

Moringa oleifera leaf silage and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae mixture used at different levels replacing concentrate feed mixture in the diets of ruminant were evaluated using an in vitro gas production technique. C. vulgaris was included in rations at 1, 2, and 3% concentrations. The concentrate f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2023-01, Vol.30 (3), p.6001-6020
Main Authors: Kholif, Ahmed Eid, Gouda, Gouda Abdelhaleam, Morsy, Tarek Abdelfattah, Matloup, Osama Hefiny, Sallam, Sobhy Mohamed, Patra, Amlan Kumar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Carbon Dioxide - metabolism
Chlorella vulgaris
Detergents
Diet
Digestion
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Fatty Acids, Volatile - analysis
Fermentation
Greenhouse Gases - metabolism
Methane - metabolism
Microalgae
Moringa oleifera
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Propionates - metabolism
Research Article
Rumen - metabolism
Silage - analysis
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:Moringa oleifera leaf silage and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae mixture used at different levels replacing concentrate feed mixture in the diets of ruminant were evaluated using an in vitro gas production technique. C. vulgaris was included in rations at 1, 2, and 3% concentrations. The concentrate feed mixture was replaced by M. oleifera silage up to 100%. Productions of total gas, methane (CH 4 ), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and ruminal fermentation were measured. Interactions between M. oleifera and C. vulgaris levels were observed for the rate of total gas production, lag time of CH 4 production, pH, and concentrations of ammonia-N (NH 3 -N), total volatile fatty acid (VFA), and propionate. The lower level of C. vulgaris increased total gas production and decreased CH 4 and CO 2 production as well as improved nutrient degradability compared to the other levels of C. vulgaris which showed less improvement in these parameters. The replacement levels of concentrate at 10 to 40% with M. oleifera linearly increased the asymptotic total gas production and degradabilities of dry matter and acid detergent fiber ( P
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-22559-y