Comparing learning retention in medical students using mixed-reality to supplement dissection: a preliminary study

• Published in: International journal of medical education 2022-04, Vol.13, p.107-114
• Main Authors: Baratz, Guy, Sridharan, Preethy S, Yong, Valeda, Tatsuoka, Curtis, Griswold, Mark A, Wish-Baratz, Susanne
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anatomy & physiology; Cadaver; Cadavers; Clinical trials; Curricula; Curriculum; Dissection; Educational Measurement - methods; Educational Media; Educational Practices; Educational Strategies; Female; Humans; Knowledge; Laboratory Procedures; Learning; Medical education; Medical schools; Medical students; Original Research; Retention; Students, Medical
• ISSN: 2042-6372; 2042-6372
• DOI: 10.5116/ijme.6250.0af8

To evaluate student impressions of learning anatomy with mixed-reality and compare long-term information retention of female breast anatomy between students who learned with a mixed-reality supplement and their classmates who dissected cadavers. In Part 1, 38 first-year medical student volunteers, randomly divided into two groups, completed a mixed-reality module and cadaveric dissection on the female breast in a counterbalanced design. Participants also completed post-quizzes and surveys. Part 2 was a non-randomized controlled trial, 8-months after completing Part 1 and 6-months after a final exam on this content. The performance of twenty-two Part 1 participants and 129 of their classmates, who only dissected, was compared on a delayed post-quiz. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test, and 95% confidence intervals were used to analyze the data. In Part 1, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test determined that participants expressed significantly more positive responses to mixed-reality and found mixed-reality easier for learning and teamwork. In Part 2, the Mann-Whitney U test found mixed-reality participants scored significantly higher on a delayed-post quiz than their classmates who only dissected (U = 928, p < .009).   This study suggests that medical students may prefer mixed-reality and that it may be an effective modality for learning breast anatomy while facilitating teamwork. Results also suggest that supplementing cadaveric dissection with mixed-reality may improve long-term retention for at least one anatomical topic. It is recommended that similar studies evaluate a larger sample and additional anatomical regions to determine the generalizability of these findings.