Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting middle-aged and elderly patients. It mainly involves weight-bearing joints such as the hip, knee and spine as well as the basilar joint of the thumb, causing dysfunction and painful symptoms. Often, joint arthritis is accompanied by cartilage...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2023-01, Vol.12 (3), p.815
Main Authors: Kaspiris, Angelos, Hadjimichael, Argyris C, Lianou, Ioanna, Iliopoulos, Ilias D, Ntourantonis, Dimitrios, Melissaridou, Dimitra, Savvidou, Olga D, Papadimitriou, Evangelia, Chronopoulos, Efstathios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Arthritis
Bone marrow
Cartilage
Cysts
Edema
Knee
Load
Magnetic resonance imaging
Osteoarthritis
Pathophysiology
Review
Tumors
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting middle-aged and elderly patients. It mainly involves weight-bearing joints such as the hip, knee and spine as well as the basilar joint of the thumb, causing dysfunction and painful symptoms. Often, joint arthritis is accompanied by cartilage defects, joint space narrowing, osteophytes, bone sclerosis and subchondral bone cysts (SBC). The aim of the present study was to explore the pathophysiology responsible for the development of SBCs as well as the association between SBCs and disease progress, the level of clinical symptoms and their impact on postoperative outcomes and risk of possible complications following joint replacements if left untreated. A literature review on PubMed articles was conducted to retrieve and evaluate all available evidence related to the main objective mentioned above. A few theories have been put forth to explain the formation process of SBCs. These involve MMPs secretion, angiogenesis, and enhanced bone turnover as a biological response to abnormal mechanical loads causing repeated injuries on cartilage and subchondral tissue during the development of arthritis. However, the application of novel therapeutics, celecoxib-coated microspheres, local administration of IGF-1 and activated chondrocytes following surgical debridement of SBCs hinders the expansion of SBCs and prevents the progression of osteoarthritis.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm12030815