Dietary and metabolic effects on the oral status of patients with phenylketonuria: a nation-based cross-sectional study

• Published in: Clinical oral investigations 2023-05, Vol.27 (5), p.1981-1991
• Main Authors: Bingöl, Anne Carolin, Bingöl, Memduh, Pandis, Nikolaos, Stolz, Simone, Beblo, Skadi, Jost-Brinkmann, Paul-Georg, Mönch, Eberhard, Bartzela, Theodosia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anodontia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental care; Dental caries; Dental Caries - epidemiology; Dental Enamel; Dental plaque; Dentistry; Diet; DMF Index; Enamel; Gingival bleeding index; Gum disease; Humans; Medicine; Oral diseases; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Phenylketonuria; Phenylketonurias - epidemiology; Prevalence; Siblings; Tooth Diseases; Tooth Loss
• ISSN: 1436-3771; 1432-6981; 1436-3771
• DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04827-w

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of oral diseases (caries, periodontal disease, enamel defects) between patients with phenylketonuria (PKU), their siblings, and a matched control group. Materials and methods A total of 109 patients with PKU, 14 siblings of PKU patients, and 100 healthy individuals aged 6 to 68 years were recruited. All participants completed a questionnaire based on their health status. The patients’ decayed/missing/filled teeth index (dmft/DMFT), gingival bleeding index (GBI), plaque control record (PCR), periodontal screening and recording index (PSR), and developmental enamel defects index (DDE) were recorded. Descriptive statistics and regression modeling were used to examine potential associations between the exposure and the outcomes of interest. Results Patients with PKU had 1.6 times more caries (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22 to 2.20; p  = 0.001), seven times more enamel defects (95% CI 3.94 to 14.21; p