Research and Application of Biomass-Based Wood Flame Retardants: A Review

Wood is widely used as a construction material due to its many advantages, such as good mechanical properties, low production costs, and renewability. However, its flammability limits its use in construction. To solve the problem of wood flammability, the most common method to improve the fire safet...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymers 2023-02, Vol.15 (4), p.950
Main Authors: Liang, Yuqing, Jian, Hao, Deng, Chao, Xu, Junxian, Liu, Yang, Park, Heejun, Wen, Mingyu, Sun, Yaoxing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomass
Building materials
Carbon
Cellulose
Chemical reactions
Coatings
Construction materials
Energy consumption
Fire prevention
Fire protection
Fire safety
Fireproofing agents
Flame retardants
Flammability
Flammability limits
Heat resistance
Lignin
Lignocellulose
Low cost
Mechanical properties
Nanocomposites
Nitrogen
Production costs
Review
Sustainable development
Thermogravimetric analysis
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Summary:Wood is widely used as a construction material due to its many advantages, such as good mechanical properties, low production costs, and renewability. However, its flammability limits its use in construction. To solve the problem of wood flammability, the most common method to improve the fire safety of wood is to modify the wood by deep impregnation or surface coating with flame retardants. Therefore, many researchers have found that environmentally friendly and low-cost biomass materials can be used as a source of green flame retardants. Two aspects of biomass-based intumescent flame retardants are summarized in this paper. On the one hand, biomass is used as one of the three sources or as a flame-retardant synergist in combination with other flame retardants, which are called composite biomass intumescent flame retardants. On the other hand, biomass is used alone as a feedstock to produce all-biomass intumescent flame retardants. In addition, the potential of biomass-based materials as an environmentally friendly and low-cost FR source to produce high-performance biomass-based flame retardants with improved technology was also discussed in detail. The development of biomass-based intumescent flame retardants represents a viable and promising approach for the efficient and environmentally friendly production of biomass-based flame retardants.
ISSN:2073-4360
2073-4360
DOI:10.3390/polym15040950