Advances in functional X-ray imaging techniques and contrast agents

X-rays have been used for non-invasive high-resolution imaging of thick biological specimens since their discovery in 1895. They are widely used for structural imaging of bone, metal implants, and cavities in soft tissue. Recently, a number of new contrast methodologies have emerged which are expand...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP 2012-10, Vol.14 (39), p.13469-13486
Main Authors: Chen, Hongyu, Rogalski, Melissa M, Anker, Jeffrey N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological
Bones
Chemistry
Contrast agents
Contrast Media - chemistry
Exact sciences and technology
Fluorescence
General and physical chemistry
Humans
Imaging
Luminescence
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Neoplasms - diagnosis
Surgical implants
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Tumors
X-Rays
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:X-rays have been used for non-invasive high-resolution imaging of thick biological specimens since their discovery in 1895. They are widely used for structural imaging of bone, metal implants, and cavities in soft tissue. Recently, a number of new contrast methodologies have emerged which are expanding X-ray's biomedical applications to functional as well as structural imaging. These techniques are promising to dramatically improve our ability to study in situ biochemistry and disease pathology. In this review, we discuss how X-ray absorption, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray excited optical luminescence can be used for physiological, elemental, and molecular imaging of vasculature, tumors, pharmaceutical distribution, and the surface of implants. Imaging of endogenous elements, exogenous labels, and analytes detected with optical indicators will be discussed. Recent developments in X-ray imaging and contrast agents are opening up new opportunities for high-resolution functional imaging for biomedical fields.
ISSN:1463-9076
1463-9084
DOI:10.1039/c2cp41858d