A general route to nanostructured M[V3O8] and Mx[V6O16] (x = 1 and 2) and their first evaluation for building enzymatic biosensorsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: XRD patterns (Fig. S1) of (NH4)2[V6O16]·H2O, (NH4)2[V6O16]·1.5H2O, Ca[V6O16]·9.7H2O, Mg[V6O16]·7.1H2O, and Ba1.2[V6O16]·5.5H2O; SEM images of M[V6O16]·nH2O (with M2+ = Mg2+, Ca2+, and Ba2+) (Fig. S2) and K2[V6O16]-GOx biomembrane (Fig. S3); amount of tri- and hexavanadate phases versus pH (Fig. S4); the XRD pattern

• Main Authors: Steunou, Nathalie, Mousty, Christine, Durupthy, Olivier, Roux, Cécile, Laurent, Guillaume, Simonnet-Jégat, Corine, Vigneron, Jacky, Etcheberry, Arnaud, Bonhomme, Christian, Livage, Jacques, Coradin, Thibaud
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0959-9428; 1364-5501
• DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30485f

In order to develop novel electroactive hosts for biosensor design, the possibility to use nanostructured vanadate phases as alternatives to well-known V 2 O 5 gels was studied. For this purpose, the formation of M[V 3 O 8 ] and M x [V 6 O 16 ] ( x = 1 and 2) oxides by the sol-gel process has been studied over a wide range of cations (M + = Li + , Na + , K + , Cs + , and NH 4 + ; M 2+ = Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Ba 2+ ). By a combination of XRD, 51 V NMR and SEM studies, it was possible to evidence the influence of the nature and hydration state of cations on the size and morphology of the resulting particles as well as on the kinetics of their formation. On this basis, K 2 [V 6 O 16 ] was evaluated for glucose oxidase encapsulation, either via impregnation or co-precipitation methods. When compared to V 2 O 5 , these novel bioelectrodes exhibit higher stability under pH conditions of optimum enzymatic activity, as well as better sensitivity, and reproducibility for glucose detection via amperometric titration. A sol-gel method to obtain tri- and hexavanadates was developed and applied to the design of K 2 [V 6 O 16 ]-glucose oxidase based amperometric biosensors.