Structure characterization of a novel polysaccharide from fruiting bodies and its immunomodulatory activities

• Published in: Food & function 2018-01, Vol.9 (1), p.294-36
• Main Authors: Wu, Fangfang, Zhou, Chunhui, Zhou, Dandan, Ou, Shiyi, Zhang, Xiaoai, Huang, Huihua
• Format: Article
• ISSN: 2042-6496; 2042-650X
• DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01389b

A novel polysaccharide fraction (HEP-S) was extracted and isolated from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus . Structural characterization revealed that HEP-S had an average molecular weight of 1.83 × 10 4 Da and consisted of rhamnose, fucose, mannose, glucose and galactose at a molar ratio of 1.47 : 0.93 : 1.36 : 8.68 : 4.08. Periodate oxidation-Smith degradation and NMR analysis showed that the main linkage types of HEP-S were composed of (1→)-α- d -Glc, (1→3,4)-α- d -Glc, (1→6)-α- d -Gal, (1→3,4)-β- d -Man, (1→3,6)-α-Rha and (1→2)-β- l -Fuc. The immunomodulatory assay indicated that HEP-S could significantly enhance the pinocytic and phagocytic capacity and promote the secretion of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines by activating the corresponding mRNA and protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells involving a toll-like receptor 2 membrane receptor. Besides, HEP-S was also found to improve the adaptive immune function by enhancing T and B lymphocyte proliferation and increasing the interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and interferon-γ secretion in spleen lymphocytes. These results suggested that HEP-S could be used as a potential immunoregulatory agent in functional foods. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP-S) can significantly stimulate the immunomodulatory activity on murine macrophages and spleen lymphocytes.