Simultaneous on-line vacuum single- and multi-photon ionization on an orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer platform

• Published in: Analyst (London) 2022-08, Vol.147 (16), p.3662-3674
• Main Authors: Heide, J, Ehlert, S, Koziorowski, T, Rger, C. P, Walte, A, Zimmermann, R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Broadband; Data acquisition; Data storage; Deuterium; Excimers; Ion extraction; Ion sources; Ion storage; Ionization; Krypton fluoride lasers; Measurement techniques; Photons; Pollution monitoring; Resolution; Temporal resolution; Time measurement
• ISSN: 0003-2654; 1364-5528
• DOI: 10.1039/d2an00774f

The development of orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight (oa-tof) technology is driven forward due to higher mass accuracy and resolving power than conventional linear/reflectron tof instruments. This is achieved with a more accurate definition of starting energies and coordinates of ions by spatial separation of ion generation and orthogonal ion extraction. Consequently, the ability to cover the whole mass spectral range without scanning is not given anymore. Therefore, continuous ion sources are favored for ensuring high duty cycles and thus high temporal resolution. For pulsed ion sources, high repetition rates are mandatory for covering large m / z ranges without losing their high temporal resolution. We have combined an oa-tof with deuterium lamp single-photon ionization (SPI) as a continuous ion source together with a pulsed 2000 Hz excimer (KrF) laser for resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization (REMPI). These two ionization techniques can be used simultaneously. To the best of our knowledge, this system is the first of its kind in combining a vacuum pulsed ionization source with an oa-tof instrument without any other ion storage hardware. The combination of a soft broadband ionization for organics (SPI) in combination with a very sensitive and selective soft ionization (REMPI) can be used for covering the whole mass range or in targeted on-line monitoring cases one or several smaller mass ranges. To demonstrate the simultaneous SPI/REMPI-oa-tof technique, two applicative areas are explored: on-line monitoring of coffee roast gas emissions and e-cigarette vapor. The complementary information from SPI and REMPI signals are combined in a way to exploit the advantages of both ionization types. In a further development step, a second data acquisition card is built into the system. This modification allows the independent storage of data from both ionization methods without mixing. For demonstration, a third example with a GC measurement is provided. The last example shows the possibility of modified sensitivities for different mass regions in REMPI data acquisition without affecting the SPI channel. The newly developed system shows high robustness in terms of measurements in real industrial environments. The simultaneous measurement technique provides a higher density of information in a single measurement, saving time and resources. New instrumental development for robust process monitoring with two soft ionization methods working in parallel.