Eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism in spontaneously hypertensive rats with CD36 mutation: a precise nutrition strategy

• Published in: Food & function 2023-03, Vol.14 (5), p.2349-2361
• Main Authors: Yang, Jin-Yue, Zhang, Lingyu, Zhang, Tian-Tian, Wang, Cheng-Cheng, Zhao, Ying-Cai, Li, Xiao-Yue, Wang, Yu-Ming, Xue, Chang-Hu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; Adipose tissue; AKT protein; Animals; Catabolism; CD36 antigen; Cholesterol; Diet; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Eicosapentaenoic Acid - pharmacology; Fatty acids; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose - metabolism; Glucose tolerance; Glycerol; Hypertension; Hypertrophy; Insulin; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Liver; Metabolism; Muscles; Mutation; Nutrition; Oxidation; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism; Phospholipids; Phospholipids - metabolism; Pretreatment; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Signal transduction; Triglycerides
• ISSN: 2042-6496; 2042-650X
• DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03016k

Previous studies have found that eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids (EPA-PLs) alleviated glucose and lipid metabolism, which was accompanied by an increase of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36). However, the effects of EPA-PLs on glucose and lipid metabolism in the case of CD36 mutation are unclear. Thus, spontaneously hypertensive rats/NCrl (SHR) were used as a CD36 mutation model to determine the effects of dietary 2% EPA-PLs for 4 weeks on glucose and lipid metabolism. The results showed that the intervention of EPA-PLs significantly alleviated the abnormal increase of serum free fatty acid levels and glycerol levels in SHRs. Moreover, the administration of EPA-PLs decreased the triglyceride levels and cholesterol levels by 31.1% and 37.9%, respectively, in the liver. Dietary EPA-PLs had no effect on epididymal fat weight, but EPA-PLs inhibited adipocyte hypertrophy in SHRs. Further mechanistic research found that EPA-PL pretreatment significantly reduced triacylglycerol catabolism and increased fatty acid β-oxidation. Additionally, the administration of EPA-PLs decreased the area under the curve of the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and fasting serum insulin levels by activating the IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, EPA-PL pretreatment significantly increased the CD36 gene expression in the liver tissues, adipose tissues and muscle tissues even in the case of CD36 mutation. These results indicated that EPA-PLs alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism in the case of CD36 mutation, which provides a precise nutrition strategy for people with CD36 mutation. Eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids (EPA-PLs) alleviated abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in case of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) mutation.