Ginsenoside Rg1 activates brown adipose tissue to counteract obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice by regulating gut microbes and bile acid composition

Obesity is a global health problem strongly linked to gut microbes and their metabolites. In this study, ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) reduced lipid droplet size and hepatic lipid accumulation by activating uncoupling protein 1 expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT), which in turn inhibited high-fat diet...

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Published in:Food & function 2023-05, Vol.14 (1), p.4696-475
Main Authors: Liu, Yize, Jin, Zheng-Yun, Wang, Jun-Xia, Wang, Danqi, Liu, Hongye, Li, Dongxu, Zhu, Jun, Luo, Zhao-Bo, Han, Sheng-Zhong, Chang, Shuang-Yan, Yang, Liu-Hui, Kang, Jin-Dan, Quan, Lin-Hu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue (brown)
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adipose Tissue, Brown - metabolism
Animals
Antibiotics
Bile acids
Bile Acids and Salts - metabolism
Body weight gain
Cholic acid
Composition
Diet
Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects
Digestive system
Flora
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gastrointestinal tract
Ginsenosides
Global health
High fat diet
Intestinal microflora
Lipids
Metabolites
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Microorganisms
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Public health
Taurocholic acid
Uncoupling protein 1
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Summary:Obesity is a global health problem strongly linked to gut microbes and their metabolites. In this study, ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) reduced lipid droplet size and hepatic lipid accumulation by activating uncoupling protein 1 expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT), which in turn inhibited high-fat diet (HFD)-induced weight gain in mice. Furthermore, the intestinal flora of mice was altered, the abundance of Lachnoclostridium , Streptococcus , Lactococcus , Enterococcus and Erysipelatoclostridium was upregulated, and the concentrations of fecal bile acids were altered, with cholic acid and taurocholic acid concentrations being significantly increased. In addition, the beneficial effects of Rg1 were eliminated in mice treated with a combination of antibiotics. In conclusion, these results suggest that Rg1 activates BAT to counteract obesity by regulating gut microbes and bile acid composition in HFD-fed mice. Ginsenoside Rg1 activates brown adipose tissue by modulating intestinal microbial and bile acid components to fight obesity in HFD-induced mice.
ISSN:2042-6496
2042-650X
DOI:10.1039/d2fo03142f