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Chitosan-PVA-PVP/nano-clay composite: a promising tool for controlled drug delivery

In this study, chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were used to create ternary blends reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite nanoclay. Tramadol was used as a model drug to assess the efficacy of these ternary blends as drug delivery systems. The current w...

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Published in:RSC advances 2024-05, Vol.14 (22), p.15777-1579
Main Authors: Ali, Mohsin, Mir, Sadullah, Atanase, Leonard I, Abid, Obaid-Ur-Rahman, Kazi, Mohsin
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cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-b8089718d71f3599c784363bee2f1b0cb3ceed7566a9cf6adf58c3b09cc4e91b3
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creator Ali, Mohsin
Mir, Sadullah
Atanase, Leonard I
Abid, Obaid-Ur-Rahman
Kazi, Mohsin
description In this study, chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were used to create ternary blends reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite nanoclay. Tramadol was used as a model drug to assess the efficacy of these ternary blends as drug delivery systems. The current work demonstrated the highly controlled release of tramadol via transdermal administration. The results of the FTIR investigation revealed the compatibility of the blending components. Among non-drug-loaded formulations, MC6 is the most stable with a 17.6% weight residue at 505 °C and MC11 is the most stable of all the drug-loaded and non-drug-loaded formulations with a weight residue of 22.0% at 505 °C. The XRD studies of the prepared formulations showed crystalline behavior. However, the SEM analysis revealed that no gaps or mixing components were uniformly dispersed in the nanocomposites. Pharmaceutical tests, such as swelling, dissolution, and permeation rates, revealed a strong influence of the PVA concentration. There was a uniform distribution of drug throughout the films with maximum encapsulation efficiency found for MC7 (96.09 ± 0.31) and minimum encapsulation efficiency for MC11 (90.56 ± 0.34)%. Compared to the sodium acetate (pH 4.5) and potassium phosphate buffers (pH 6.8) the swelling and erosion were higher in hydrochloric acid buffer (pH 1.2). An increase in PVA concentration (or decrease in PVP concentration) increases the swelling, dissolution, and permeation rates. In addition, erosion increased with increasing PVP concentration. Furthermore, the nanoclay-reinforced composite showed high permeation. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the produced nanocomposite could be used as an efficient transdermal drug delivery system. Chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were used to formulate a controlled transdermal drug delivery system for tramadol.
doi_str_mv 10.1039/d4ra02959c
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There was a uniform distribution of drug throughout the films with maximum encapsulation efficiency found for MC7 (96.09 ± 0.31) and minimum encapsulation efficiency for MC11 (90.56 ± 0.34)%. Compared to the sodium acetate (pH 4.5) and potassium phosphate buffers (pH 6.8) the swelling and erosion were higher in hydrochloric acid buffer (pH 1.2). An increase in PVA concentration (or decrease in PVP concentration) increases the swelling, dissolution, and permeation rates. In addition, erosion increased with increasing PVP concentration. Furthermore, the nanoclay-reinforced composite showed high permeation. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the produced nanocomposite could be used as an efficient transdermal drug delivery system. 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There was a uniform distribution of drug throughout the films with maximum encapsulation efficiency found for MC7 (96.09 ± 0.31) and minimum encapsulation efficiency for MC11 (90.56 ± 0.34)%. Compared to the sodium acetate (pH 4.5) and potassium phosphate buffers (pH 6.8) the swelling and erosion were higher in hydrochloric acid buffer (pH 1.2). An increase in PVA concentration (or decrease in PVP concentration) increases the swelling, dissolution, and permeation rates. In addition, erosion increased with increasing PVP concentration. Furthermore, the nanoclay-reinforced composite showed high permeation. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the produced nanocomposite could be used as an efficient transdermal drug delivery system. Chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were used to formulate a controlled transdermal drug delivery system for tramadol.</description><subject>Buffers</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chitosan</subject><subject>Controlled release</subject><subject>Dissolution</subject><subject>Drug delivery systems</subject><subject>Encapsulation</subject><subject>Formulations</subject><subject>Hydrochloric acid</subject><subject>Mixtures</subject><subject>Montmorillonite</subject><subject>Nanocomposites</subject><subject>Permeation</subject><subject>Polyvinyl alcohol</subject><subject>Potassium phosphates</subject><subject>Residues</subject><subject>Sodium acetate</subject><subject>Swelling</subject><subject>Transdermal medication</subject><issn>2046-2069</issn><issn>2046-2069</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkdtLwzAYxYMoTtQX35WCLyJUk-bSxBcZ9QqCw9trSNN0q2TNTFph_73RzXn5IHyB8-NwPg4AewieIIjFaUW8gpmgQq-BrQwSlmaQifVf_wHYDeEVxmEUZQxtggHmOc0QJVvgsZg0nQuqTUcvw_hGp61qXaqtmifaTWcuNJ05S1Qy827ahKYdJ51zNqmdj3rbeWetqZLK9-OkMrZ5N36-AzZqZYPZXe5t8Hx1-VTcpHf317fF8C7VJBNdWnLIRY54laMaUyF0zglmuDQmq1EJdYm1MVVOGVNC10xVNeUal1BoTYxAJd4G5wvfWV9OTaVNjKOsnPlmqvxcOtXIv0rbTOTYvUuEoCCUi-hwtHTw7q03oZPxRm2sVa1xfZAY0ohRTlBED_-hr673bbwvUgzmnCNBI3W8oLR3IXhTr9IgKD_7khfkYfjVVxHhg9_5V-h3OxHYXwA-6JX6Uzj-AKfxmq8</recordid><startdate>20240510</startdate><enddate>20240510</enddate><creator>Ali, Mohsin</creator><creator>Mir, Sadullah</creator><creator>Atanase, Leonard I</creator><creator>Abid, Obaid-Ur-Rahman</creator><creator>Kazi, Mohsin</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><general>The Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-0378</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-5155</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240510</creationdate><title>Chitosan-PVA-PVP/nano-clay composite: a promising tool for controlled drug delivery</title><author>Ali, Mohsin ; Mir, Sadullah ; Atanase, Leonard I ; Abid, Obaid-Ur-Rahman ; Kazi, Mohsin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-b8089718d71f3599c784363bee2f1b0cb3ceed7566a9cf6adf58c3b09cc4e91b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Buffers</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chitosan</topic><topic>Controlled release</topic><topic>Dissolution</topic><topic>Drug delivery systems</topic><topic>Encapsulation</topic><topic>Formulations</topic><topic>Hydrochloric acid</topic><topic>Mixtures</topic><topic>Montmorillonite</topic><topic>Nanocomposites</topic><topic>Permeation</topic><topic>Polyvinyl alcohol</topic><topic>Potassium phosphates</topic><topic>Residues</topic><topic>Sodium acetate</topic><topic>Swelling</topic><topic>Transdermal medication</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ali, Mohsin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mir, Sadullah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Atanase, Leonard I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abid, Obaid-Ur-Rahman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kazi, Mohsin</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ali, Mohsin</au><au>Mir, Sadullah</au><au>Atanase, Leonard I</au><au>Abid, Obaid-Ur-Rahman</au><au>Kazi, Mohsin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chitosan-PVA-PVP/nano-clay composite: a promising tool for controlled drug delivery</atitle><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle><addtitle>RSC Adv</addtitle><date>2024-05-10</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>15777</spage><epage>1579</epage><pages>15777-1579</pages><issn>2046-2069</issn><eissn>2046-2069</eissn><abstract>In this study, chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were used to create ternary blends reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite nanoclay. Tramadol was used as a model drug to assess the efficacy of these ternary blends as drug delivery systems. The current work demonstrated the highly controlled release of tramadol via transdermal administration. The results of the FTIR investigation revealed the compatibility of the blending components. Among non-drug-loaded formulations, MC6 is the most stable with a 17.6% weight residue at 505 °C and MC11 is the most stable of all the drug-loaded and non-drug-loaded formulations with a weight residue of 22.0% at 505 °C. The XRD studies of the prepared formulations showed crystalline behavior. However, the SEM analysis revealed that no gaps or mixing components were uniformly dispersed in the nanocomposites. Pharmaceutical tests, such as swelling, dissolution, and permeation rates, revealed a strong influence of the PVA concentration. There was a uniform distribution of drug throughout the films with maximum encapsulation efficiency found for MC7 (96.09 ± 0.31) and minimum encapsulation efficiency for MC11 (90.56 ± 0.34)%. Compared to the sodium acetate (pH 4.5) and potassium phosphate buffers (pH 6.8) the swelling and erosion were higher in hydrochloric acid buffer (pH 1.2). An increase in PVA concentration (or decrease in PVP concentration) increases the swelling, dissolution, and permeation rates. In addition, erosion increased with increasing PVP concentration. Furthermore, the nanoclay-reinforced composite showed high permeation. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the produced nanocomposite could be used as an efficient transdermal drug delivery system. Chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were used to formulate a controlled transdermal drug delivery system for tramadol.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><pmid>38752154</pmid><doi>10.1039/d4ra02959c</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-0378</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-5155</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Buffers
Chemistry
Chitosan
Controlled release
Dissolution
Drug delivery systems
Encapsulation
Formulations
Hydrochloric acid
Mixtures
Montmorillonite
Nanocomposites
Permeation
Polyvinyl alcohol
Potassium phosphates
Residues
Sodium acetate
Swelling
Transdermal medication
title Chitosan-PVA-PVP/nano-clay composite: a promising tool for controlled drug delivery
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