Recent advances in two-dimensional materials for drug delivery

• Published in: Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Materials for biology and medicine, 2024-12, Vol.12 (48), p.12437-12469
• Main Authors: Zhang, Ranran, Yan, Zichao, Gao, Ming, Zheng, Bingxin, Yue, Bin, Qiu, Meng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biodegradability; Biodegradation; Biomedical materials; Boron; Boron Compounds - chemistry; Boron nitride; Cancer therapies; Drug carriers; Drug Carriers - chemistry; Drug delivery; Drug Delivery Systems; Graphene; Graphite - chemistry; Humans; Metal carbides; Physicochemical properties; Surface Properties; Transition metal compounds; Two dimensional analysis; Two dimensional materials
• ISSN: 2050-750X; 2050-7518; 2050-7518
• DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01787k

Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit significant potential in biomedical applications, particularly as drug carriers. Thus, 2D materials, including graphene, black phosphorus, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal carbides/nitrides, and hexagonal boron nitride, have been extensively studied. Their large specific surface area, abundant surface active sites, and excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability make them ideal platforms for drug loading and delivery. By optimizing the physicochemical properties and methods for the surface modification of 2D materials, improved drug release mechanisms and enhanced combination therapy effects can be achieved, providing a reliable foundation for efficient cancer treatment. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent advances in the utilization of 2D materials for drug delivery. It systematically categorizes and summarizes the preparation methodologies, surface modification strategies, application domains, primary advantages and potential drawbacks of various 2D materials in the biomedical field. Furthermore, it provides an extensive overview of current challenges in this field and outlines potential future research directions for 2D materials in drug delivery based on existing issues. This review summarizes the classification and methods for the fabrication of emerging 2D nanomaterials and emphasizes their distinctive properties and biomedical applications that distinguish them from traditional nanomaterials.